0677. Map Sum Pairs

https://leetcode.com/problems/map-sum-pairs

Description

Design a map that allows you to do the following:

• Maps a string key to a given value.

• Returns the sum of the values that have a key with a prefix equal to a given string.

Implement the MapSum class:

• MapSum() Initializes the MapSum object.

• void insert(String key, int val) Inserts the key-val pair into the map. If the key already existed, the original key-value pair will be overridden to the new one.

• int sum(string prefix) Returns the sum of all the pairs' value whose key starts with the prefix.

Example 1:

**Input**
["MapSum", "insert", "sum", "insert", "sum"]
[[], ["apple", 3], ["ap"], ["app", 2], ["ap"]]
**Output**
[null, null, 3, null, 5]
**Explanation**
MapSum mapSum = new MapSum();
mapSum.insert("apple", 3);  
mapSum.sum("ap");           // return 3 (apple = 3)
mapSum.insert("app", 2);    
mapSum.sum("ap");           // return 5 (apple + app = 3 + 2 = 5)

Constraints:

• 1 <= key.length, prefix.length <= 50

• key and prefix consist of only lowercase English letters.

• 1 <= val <= 1000

• At most 50 calls will be made to insert and sum.

ac

class MapSum {
    TrieNode root;
    Map<String, Integer> map;
    /** Initialize your data structure here. */
    public MapSum() {
        root = new TrieNode();
        map = new HashMap<>();
    }

    public void insert(String key, int val) {
        int diff = val - map.getOrDefault(key, 0);
        map.put(key, val);
        add(key, diff);
    }
    private void add(String key, int diff) {
        TrieNode r = root;
        for (int i = 0; i < key.length(); i++) {
            int pos = key.charAt(i) - 'a';
            if (r.next[pos] == null) r.next[pos] = new TrieNode();
            r = r.next[pos];
            r.sum += diff;
        }
    }

    public int sum(String prefix) {
        TrieNode r = root;
        for (int i = 0; i < prefix.length(); i++) {
            int pos = prefix.charAt(i) - 'a';
            if (r.next[pos] == null) return 0;
            r = r.next[pos];
        }
        return r.sum;
    }
}

class TrieNode {
    TrieNode[] next = new TrieNode[26];
    int sum = 0;
}

/**
 * Your MapSum object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * MapSum obj = new MapSum();
 * obj.insert(key,val);
 * int param_2 = obj.sum(prefix);
 */