1538. Guess the Majority in a Hidden Array

https://leetcode.com/problems/guess-the-majority-in-a-hidden-array

Description

We have an integer array nums, where all the integers in nums are 0 or 1. You will not be given direct access to the array, instead, you will have an API ArrayReader which have the following functions:

• int query(int a, int b, int c, int d): where 0 <= a < b < c < d < ArrayReader.length(). The function returns the distribution of the value of the 4 elements and returns:

  • 4 : if the values of the 4 elements are the same (0 or 1).

  • 2 : if three elements have a value equal to 0 and one element has value equal to 1 or vice versa.

  • 0: if two element have a value equal to 0 and two elements have a value equal to 1.

• int length(): Returns the size of the array.

You are allowed to call query() 2 * n times at most where n is equal to ArrayReader.length().

Return any index of the most frequent value in nums, in case of tie, return -1.

Follow up: What is the minimum number of calls needed to find the majority element?

Example 1:

**Input:** nums = [0,0,1,0,1,1,1,1]
**Output:** 5
**Explanation:** The following calls to the API
reader.length() // returns 8 because there are 8 elements in the hidden array.
reader.query(0,1,2,3) // returns 2 this is a query that compares the elements nums[0], nums[1], nums[2], nums[3]
// Three elements have a value equal to 0 and one element has value equal to 1 or viceversa.
reader.query(4,5,6,7) // returns 4 because nums[4], nums[5], nums[6], nums[7] have the same value.
we can infer that the most frequent value is found in the last 4 elements.
Index 2, 4, 6, 7 is also a correct answer.

Example 2:

**Input:** nums = [0,0,1,1,0]
**Output:** 0

Example 3:

**Input:** nums = [1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0]
**Output:** -1

Constraints:

• 5 <= nums.length <= 10^5

• 0 <= nums[i] <= 1

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